Structure made of bricks for reaction-towers, heat-compensation apparatus, and the like.



PATENTED MAY 19, 1908.

R. SGHBRPBNBERG.

STRUCTURE MADE OF BRICKS FOR REACTION TOWERS, HEAT COMPENSATIONAPPARATUS, AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.15, 1906.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

REINHOLD SGHERFENBERG, OF .BERLIN-SCHONEBERG, GERMAN Y.

' STRUCTURE MADE OF BRICKS FOR REACTION-TOWERS, HEAT-COMPENSATION APPA-RATUS, AND THE LIE.

a service, the brick will be To 'all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, REINHOLD SCHERFEN- BERG, engineer, a citizen of theKingdom of Prussia, 28 Lutherstrasse, Berlin-Schoneberg, in the Kingdomof Prussia, Germany, have i11- vented new and useful Improvements inStructures Made of Bricks for Reaction- Towers, Heat-CompensationApparatus, and the Like, of which the following is a specifi cation.

In reaction-towers or apparatus for compensating the temperature, theinterior structure, consisting of triangular, quadrangular or polygonalbars or bricks, is erected by placing these bars from the lowermost tothe top layer in the same direction, said bars resting upon each otherwith their shoulders. Thls mode of erection has a (lisadvantage, whichis unavoidable with the known and customary means. The various rows orlayers are loosel piled the one upon the other without any bond, andkeep together only by their own weight; nothing however prevents themfrom shifting, so that they will easily be moved under any pressure.

When quadrangular or polygonal bricks with tapering shoulders areemployed, the bearing surfaces of which are comparatively small, specialcarrier-stones are used for obtaining a hold between the single bricks;butalso in such instance steadiness is not obtained, as the shorttongues do not afford any bond in the longitudinal direction of thebricks and these bricks can by any pressure or force from outside bemoved on their smooth and straight bearing surface. Besides it willhardly be possible to avoid some of the thin shoulders from beingcracked during erection; fre uently such cracks will not be noticed by te workmen, the cracked brick is built into the structure, and when inenetrated by the acids and the shoulders will break off entirely so thatthe brick is supported on one side onl Owing to the effect of its weightit wil sink on the other side, the remaining shoulder will act as alever and move the neighboring bricks out of position. If such breakageoccurs at several places, the structure will incline towards thesurrounding wall and the broken bricks will have to be exchanged. Boththe above modes of erection however still show the great disadvan-Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed August 15, 1906.

l l l mpire of Germany, and resident of Patented May 19, 1908.

Serial No. 330,737.

tage, that by fitting the bricks together by created, dividing the givenspace into several chambers, thereby preventing a uniform distributionof the gases over the total area of the interior, as owing to theexisting draft the gases will pass through the nearest chambers only andthe surfaces of the bricks in the other chambers are but insufficientlyutilized.

The purpose of the present invention is to avoid the above mentioneddisadvantages, and to allow of erecting the interior structure ofreaction towers and heat-compensating apparatus both with a stron insidecrossbond between the sin le bricks and in the whole layer, as also wit1out partitions.

In the accompanyin drawing Figure 1 is a section along II 1n ig. 2, Fig.2, a side-elevation of. Fig.v 1, taken at an angle of 90, Fig. 3, aplan, on the right hand the second layer of bricks bein removed in thebottom right hand corner, Figs 4 & 4, side-elevation and plan of a bricka, Fig. 5, vertical section along IIII through a brick in the middle ofa notch b.

The bricks a are provided with notches b arranged at iven distance fromeach other in either'their ower or upper beveled half. These notches aremade to fit the bevel of the opposite half. In the accompanying drawing,of the numerous ossible sections,-the rhomboidal section wit corrugatedor fluted surfaces is shown.

The structure is erected in the following manner: The lowermost layer ofbricks is placed in parallel rows, which rows are at a distance fom eachother equal to the pitch of the notches b-. The bricks -a can be placedwith their ends close together, as there are no shoulders in the way.The following layer is placed in rows at right angles to the lower one,so that each brick acatches with its notches I) over several bricksunder it, and so on until a row is complete. The second row is commencedone'brick ahead of the first row, so that if the first brick of thesecond layer catches with its notches -bover the upper edges of thelower layer in row 1, 2, 3, the first brick of the second row engages 2,8, 4, and the first brick of the third row again engages 1, 2, 3, of thelayer beneath it. Fig. 1, 2, brackets -c. Each brick is thus held by thenotches b of several bricks over it, engaging like teeth, and

lel layers and separate gases rising up are whirled around, mixed in amore perfect manner and more uniformly distributed over the total areaof the structure.

Owing to the peculiar arran ernent of the notches bthese bricks canieeasily used also in round towers without wasting any space, the bricksbeing shortened only at the respective places by one or two notcheswithout reducing the stren th of the structure. By avoiding the shoulers and carriers the wei ht of a cubic meter of the new structure isabout only two thirds of that of the old style one, so that even if thefoundations are weak, the structure may be erected without any danger.

Bricks having corrugated or fluted surfaces are preferable rather thanbricks having smooth surfaces on account of the former exposing agreater area relatively to their wei ht than the latter.

aving now described my invention what" sharp notches, substantially asshown, in one angle, substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. A brick, for interior structures of reaction towers, heatcompensating apparatus and the like, having a quadrangular section and acorrugated surface, and a lurality of dee sharp notches in one angesubstantially as and .for the purpose described.

4. The combination of a plurality of bricks each havin a poly onalsection a corrugated surface an a lurzility of dee sharp notches in oneangle, t e arrangement bein such that said bricks are.placedlongitudinally in parallel rows forming one layer, the distance betweensaid rows being equal to the pitch of said notches, the following layerhaving bricks placed longitudinally in arallel rows on and at rightangles to the ornier rows, each brick of the upper layer engaging aplurality of bricks of the lower layer whereby a structure is formed,substantially as and for the purpose s ecified. I

5. The com ination of a plurality of bricks each having a rhombiformsection, corrugated surfaceand a plurality of notches in one angle, thearran ement bein such that said bricks are place longitudina ly inparallel rows forming one layer, the distance between said rows beingequal to the pitch of said notches, the following layer having brickslaced longitudinally in parallel lows -on ant at right angles to theformer rows,

each brick of the u per layer engaging a lurality of bricks of.t 1elower layer, where y a structure is formed, substantially as and for ithe purpose specifiedv In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my namethis 23rd day of July 1906, 1n the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

REINHOLD, SGHERFENBERG.

' Witnesses:

HENRY HAsPER, TVILLIAM MAYNER.

